The Fortifications of Vauban are twelve groups of fortified buildings that form a defensive ring around France. They were constructed by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban (1633-1707), military engineer of King Louis XIV and influential far beyond the French borders. The remaining sites include both fortifications and various kinds of military buildings. The 12 sites selected to be part of the World Heritage are:- Arras: citadel - Besançon: citadel, city walls and Fort Griffon - Blaye-Cussac-Fort