The M'Zab Valley is a region of the northern Sahara that holds five traditional fortified villages (ksour). The Ibadis settled here from the 11th century on, making the most of the defensive possibilities. Their settlements included palm groves where they built a summer citadel (used during the seasonal migrations).The Valley was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as an intact example of traditional human habitat perfectly adapted to the environment. They were an inspiration to modern city